Nephroprotective Effects of Imperata cylindrica Root Aqueous Extract (ICRAE) on Sprague-Dawley Rats with Gentamicin-induced Acute Kidney Injury

Jonnel B. Poblete, Samuele Anton E. Quizon, Patrick N. Rabanal, Richard Raymund R. Ragasa, Lalaine Cyrille R. Ragonton, Paul Anthony S. Repolona, Paula Veronica SJ. Reyes, Vladimir Lenin A. Roque, Clemens Lee M. Sabitsana, Jereel Aaron R. Sahagun, Sitti Khadija U. Salabi, Diane Katherine R. Salazar-Paras, Philline Aurea Grace S. Salvador, Adrian V. Sampang, Raymond Joseph L. San Pedro, Bobbie Marie M. Santos, Camille Anne R. Santos, Gianna Kristin M. Santos, Jio Raphael V. Santos, Nick Rainier S. Santos

Abstract


Background & Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to a sudden impairment of kidney function and represents a significant medical condition in developing countries. Despite the current measures for
preventing AKI, there is still a great need to search for plant-based prevention and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effects of cogon (Imperata cylindrica) root aqueous extract (ICRAE) in Sprague-Dawley rats with gentamicin-induced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI).

Methodology: Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups: Control (per orem NSS, intraperitoneal NSS), Gentamicin (p.o. NSS, i.p. gentamicin), and three treatment groups ICRAE 100, 500 and 1000 (p.o. 100, 500 or 1000 mg/kg ICRAE, i.p. gentamicin). ICRAE and NSS were administered at days 1-17 while gentamicin at days 8-17. Kidney weight to body weight ratio (KWBWR), biochemical, and histological parameters were evaluated and statistically analyzed.

Results: There was an observed trend of decreasing kidney weight as extract concentration increased. A significant decrease (p= 0.0466) in serum creatinine was observed in ICRAE 100 and 1000. Furthermore, a trend of decreasing BUN as extract concentration increased was also observed (p= 0.23142). Histopathology analysis showed similar damages in the tubules and interstitium across all groups. Distal tubule hyaline casts were present in Gentamicin, ICRAE 100, and ICRAE 500 but absent in ICRAE 1000.

Conclusion: The results signify a potential nephroprotective effect of the extract especially in the early stages of AKI. This effect is mainly attributed to the flavonoids and reducing substances in ICRAE, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as confirmed by the phytochemical analysis performed.


Keywords


Imperata cylindrica; acute kidney injury; gentamicin; Cogon

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Print ISSN: 2704-3517; Online ISSN: 2783-042X